Written By Unknown on Sabtu, 13 Desember 2014 | 23.53
12 December 2014Last updated at 10:39
A fully operational Apple 1 computer has been sold at auction for $365,000 (£230,000).
It is the only machine known to have been personally sold by Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, from a garage in California in 1976.
Fewer than 50 Apple 1 computers are now believed to be in existence.
Yet despite its rarity, the machine was sold at way below auction house Christie's estimate of $400,000-$600,000.
In October, the Henry Ford organization paid $905,000 for one of the computers.
The original Apple Computer - now referred to as the Apple 1 - was hand-made by Steve Wozniak, an engineer who co-founded Apple, with Jobs, in the 1970s. When new, the machines sold for $666.66.
To finance the building of the machines, Jobs sold his VW van, while Wozniak sold a calculator for $500.
A Kate Middleton GIF shows repeated footage of Duchess of Cambridge rolling her eyes
In the world of technology it is quite exciting news that YouTube has added a GIF maker to some of its videos.
If you don't know what a GIF is - it stands for Graphics Interchange Format - which is a bitmap image.
In terms of sharing videos, it means you can take out a little section of film, usually a funny bit, and make it play over and over again.
A recent example of one was when Kate Middleton was caught rolling her eyes on camera in New York.
When a GIF is created, YouTube has created a handy link to the picture and a code to embed it on websites.
The tool can be accessed by clicking the share button on a video, where you can adjust the parts of the video you'd like to appear in the GIF.
They can be a maximum of six seconds long and text can be added to the top and bottom.
The feature seems to be being rolled out on a video by video basis, and only some accounts, such as the PBS Idea Channel seem to have the option enabled.
Many of the internet's most popular videos, Gangnam Style included, don't yet have the option.
It's unclear whether it will be rolled out to all videos, or if users will get the option of adding the tool to videos themselves.
Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube
12 December 2014Last updated at 12:54By Dave LeeTechnology reporter, BBC News
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Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg says his site is "thinking about" how to implement a way to dislike posts
Facebook is thinking about adding a way to "dislike" posts on its site, founder Mark Zuckerberg has said.
Speaking at a Q&A session in California, he said it was one of the most requested features the social network receives from its users.
He said the site would need to find a way to make sure it did not become a way to demean people's posts.
According to Facebook's own figures, 4.5 billion "likes" are generated every day.
"One of things we've thought about for quite a while is what's the right way to make it so that people can easily express a broader range of emotions," Mark Zuckerberg told an audience at Facebook's headquarters.
"A lot of times people share things on Facebook that are sad moments in their lives. Often people tell us that they don't feel comfortable pressing 'like' because 'like' isn't the appropriate sentiment.
"Some people have asked for a dislike button because they want to say, 'That thing isn't good.' That's not something that we think is good for the world.
"The thing that I think is very valuable is that there are more sentiments that people want to express."
Fake likes
Facebook's Like button has been criticised as being a method by which the social network collects data on its users' browsing habits.
The system has also come under fire due to a high volume of "fake likes" - when the popularity of a brand or piece of content is inflated artificially.
Facebook has moved to combat the trade of so-called "like farming" - businesses that, for a price, will provide a huge number of likes quickly. This will be via automated robots, or by a network of humans paid a tiny sum for each click.
An investigation by the BBC in July 2012 showed that a fake company, set up by the BBC, could gain thousands of "likes" - despite the fact that the company, which promised bagels via the internet, was quite clearly bogus.
On closer inspection, many of the "likes" appeared to come from accounts that were not real people. Hardly any of the "likes" originated from places like the UK or US - instead the majority originated in places such as the Philippines.
Facebook has initiated legal action against firms offering "fake likes" or other bogus business practices on the social network.
Nervous advertisers
Any enhanced method for expressing sentiment - particularly negatively - would be likely to make advertisers nervous, said Paul Coggins, chief executive of ad firm Adludio.
"Facebook's big concern is revenue," he told the BBC.
"They need to keep their advertisers happy. I would think it highly unlikely that they would come up with a button that says you can 'dislike'.
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Rory Cellan-Jones explores the merits of Facebook advertising, by setting up a bogus bagel company online
"I think they will extend the success of the like button, which has been huge. Rather than have a quick yes-no, which is a bit black and white, my guess is that they'll probably look to do something with a bit more sentiment around it."
Mr Coggins suggested buttons which would indicate how a user feels, rather than a direct "dislike".
Guy Phillipson, chief executive of the Internet Advertising Bureau UK, said brands are now used to being openly criticised online.
"If brands do put something out which people don't like, they find out pretty quickly. It's been a force for good - advertisers know more about tone, or when they've gone too far."
The web is becoming less free and more unequal, according to a report from the World Wide Web Foundation.
Its annual web index suggests web users are at increasing risk of government surveillance, with laws preventing mass snooping weak or non-existent in over 84% of countries.
It also indicates that online censorship is on the rise.
The report led web inventor Sir Tim Berners-Lee to call for net access to be recognised as a human right.
The World Wide Web Foundation, led by Sir Tim, measured the web's contribution to the social, economic and political progress of 86 countries.
Other headline findings from the report include:
74% of countries either lack clear and effective net neutrality rules and/or show evidence of traffic discrimination
62% of countries report that the web plays a major role in sparking social or political action
74% of countries are not doing enough to stop online harassment of women
The index ranked countries around the world in terms of:
universal access
relevant content and use
freedom and openness
empowerment
Four of the top five were Scandinavian, with Denmark in first place, Finland second and Norway third. The UK came fourth, followed by Sweden.
"The richer and better educated people are, the more benefit they are gaining from the digital revolution," said Anne Jellema, chief executive of the World Wide Web Foundation, and the lead author of the report.
"Extreme disparities between rich and poor have been rightly identified as the defining challenge of our age, and we need to use technology to fight inequality, not increase it."
One of the best starting points would be to put net access at the top of the agenda, she added.
Sir Tim said: "It's time to recognise the internet as a basic human right.
"That means guaranteeing affordable access for all, ensuring internet packets are delivered without commercial or political discrimination, and protecting the privacy and freedom of web users regardless of where they live."
Describing the web as a "great leveller" he said that rights to privacy, freedom of expression and affordable access should be "hardwired" into the basic rules of net use.
For the first time, the report looked at net neutrality, the principle that all web traffic should be treated equally.
It has been the focus of fierce debate in 2014, with the US mulling new laws that could create a two-tier internet - fast lanes for content providers prepared to pay for their services to be delivered faster.
The World Wide Web Foundation is calling on policy makers to introduce a raft of measures to fight net inequality.
They include:
Accelerate progress towards universal access by increasing number of affordable net services
Prevent price discrimination in internet traffic by treating the internet like an other public utility
Invest in high-quality public education to make sure that no-one is left behind with technological progress
Use the web to increase government transparency and protect freedoms of speech and privacy
Invest more to overcome key barriers in health, education, agriculture and gender equality
Facebook is working on software that could prevent users posting unflattering photos of themselves.
Combining image recognition and artificial intelligence, the system would be able to distinguish between drunk and sober pictures.
It would ask: "Are you sure you want your boss and your mother to see this?"
The plan was revealed by the head of Facebook's artificial intelligence research lab.
Speaking to Wired magazine, Yann LeCun said he wanted to build a Facebook digital assistant.
In the future, this assistant might also be able to help identify when someone else has uploaded a picture of a user without permission, he said.
Facebook already uses image recognition technology to help identify faces and allow users to tag them correctly.
Controversial
Increasingly the firm is using the technology in conjunction with artificial intelligence software.
AI is already being used to examine overall Facebook behaviour in order to identify the right content for news feeds, Mr LeCun told Wired.
The next stage will be to analyse text in posted statuses and automatically suggest relevant hashtags.
He also spoke about a future where an intelligent digital assistant could "mediate your interaction with your friends".
Such a future is likely to prove controversial, with both consumers and privacy advocates who will demand that such services are opt-in rather than offered as a default.
Many big tech firms are experimenting with AI.
Google has its own AI labs and has been investing heavily in AI and robotics firms.
The government's electronic monitoring agency GCHQ is releasing its first tablet computer app.
Cryptoy was created by three industrial placement students and tells the story of four historical cyphers, including the German Enigma code, cracked at Bletchley Park during World War Two.
The free app for Android devices also encrypts messages using the codes.
GCHQ says it is hoping it will help to encourage teenagers to be the next generation of cyber security experts.
Cryptoy also showcases the substitution and vigenere cyphers, and the shift, which dates back to Roman times.
A spokeswoman for Cheltenham-based GCHQ said the app is intended as a "fun teaching aid" to help 14-16 year olds studying at the Key Stage 4 level learn something about code making and code breaking.
'Extremely relevant'
She said it aims to encourage them to become interested in associated disciplines such as mathematics, as well as problem solving and the necessary programming skills to create such an app.
"All of this is extremely relevant to today's world where information security is increasingly important and where we need young people to study the subjects necessary," she added.
The app was initially produced by the industrial placement students for the Cheltenham Festival cultural event last year.
The GCHQ spokeswoman said the agency was keen where possible to be open about some aspects of its work.
The BBC's technology correspondent Rory Cellan-Jones said the public should have no qualms about downloading the app.
Cryptoy will be available to download directly from Google Play or through the GCHQ website. It is understood that a version for Apple iPads will not be available until next year.
Video games should be officially classified as cultural products equal to TV, film and animation, according to UK developers.
Industry body Tiga has told Newsbeat the move would give games "the respect they deserve" and offer a boost to British-based companies.
Games are currently classified as software under EU law.
Developers argue a change would allow the UK and other countries to support the industry and create jobs.
"Recognising games as cultural products would untie the red tape which unfairly prevents EU member state governments from supporting their national video game sectors," said Dr Richard Wilson, CEO of Tiga.
Tax breaks were introduced for games companies in March, but only after the European Commission approved the move.
According to games industry body UKIE, the UK games industry supports 18,000 jobs
Developers claim that would not have been necessary if games were classified as cultural products.
Dr Wilson added games should be seen as "an art form, as a high-tech, highly-skilled industry, as a force for economic and social good".
The video games industry is worth $93bn (£59bn) worldwide, compared to $15bn for the music industry, and the $88.3bn worldwide film industry, according to Tiga.
Little Big Planet creator Media Molecule is one UK studio backing the call for change.
Rex Crowle, lead creator on the studio's adventure game Tearaway, says the image of the games industry is changing.
Rex Crowle is a designer at Guildford-based Little Big Planet creator Media Molecule
"They have so much artistry put into them, they have to be built from scratch.
"There's no way to just find content for games, you can't just point a camera at something.
"It brings together so many talents, from architectural design to audio design to storytelling."
In the past some big publishers have resisted calls to categorise games as cultural products.
Vincent Scheurer, founder and director of Tiga, explained the companies were worried about governments trying to protect companies based in their countries by charging those from abroad.
"They were worried that people were going to start taking their money and start giving it to local games companies."
Many developers say that games, as forms of entertainment, are seen as part of popular culture.
LA Cops is a forthcoming game from Modern Dream & Daedalus Partners, based in Leamington Spa
Ollie Clarke, winner of a Bafta breakthrough Brit award in 2013, describes his latest creation LA Cops in this way.
"The game we're producing here is not meant to be art. It's meant to be a well-crafted, really enjoyable escape from a mundane reality.
"If you've had a bad day at work, come home, shoot some bad guys in LA cops, enjoy your life."
He works alongside other small developers in a shared workspace in Leamington Spa.
Steve Stopps set up Arch Creatives after his former employer Blitz Games Studios closed down.
"Finally people in power are realising this too, finally we're not becoming this cultural whipping boy of 'games are evil' or 'games are bad'.
"Being recognised as a serious part of the UK economy is a great step in the right direction."
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The moment a device believed to have been a drone came within 20ft (6m) of a plane landing at Heathrow Airport has been described in a report by an air safety body.
The Airbus A320 was at 700ft (213m) when its pilot saw a small black object near the aircraft, the UK Airprox (aircraft proximity) Board (UKAB) said.
The report does not identify the airline or where the plane was arriving from.
The drone operator could not be traced.
'Critical phase'
The object "passed about 20ft over the wing" and appeared to be a small radio-controlled helicopter, the report said.
It did not strike the plane and the pilot was able to make a normal landing, at 14:16 BST on July 22.
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The report said it happened in a 'critical phase'
"It was a distraction during a critical phase of flight," the report added.
Air traffic controllers were told of the incident and the aircraft behind were notified.
The UKAB said: "Despite extensive tracing action and the proactive assistance of local model flying club members, it was not possible to trace the operator of the model aircraft in question."
Continue reading the main story
You may only fly the aircraft if reasonably satisfied the flight can safely be made.
The person in charge must maintain direct, unaided visual contact with the aircraft to monitor its flight path in relation to other aircraft, people, vehicles, vessels and structures to avoid collisions.
Source: Air Navigation Order 2009
It said in summary: "The board members were satisfied that the A320 crew had seen a model helicopter and were of the unanimous opinion that the operator of the model had chosen to fly it in an entirely inappropriate location.
"That the dangers associated with flying such a model in close proximity to a commercial air transport aircraft in the final stages of landing were not self-evident was a cause for considerable concern."
A Heathrow spokesman said the "unauthorised use of unmanned aerial vehicles in proximity to an airfield is both irresponsible and illegal".
He said that Heathrow pursued prosecution for violation of airspace.
In October, Birmingham University warned the use of drones in the UK would rise over the next 20 years, raising "significant safety, security, and privacy concerns".
The airline pilots' association Balpa has demanded better protection for the public against the risks.
Tech giant Google has confirmed reports that it plans to move engineers out of its office in Russia.
The firm said it "remains committed" to Google users in the country and told the BBC it has relocated engineers in other countries on previous occasions.
Google declined to say how many staff would be affected by the move.
In July this year, the Russian parliament passed a law requiring internet companies to store citizens' personal data inside the country.
The Kremlin has said the law is designed to aid data protection but critics have seen it as an attempt to censor internet access as the law would give the government powers to block sites which refused to comply.
Many tech companies store user data in huge data storage facilities around the world and do not link the location of the data to the location of the user, meaning that most users' data will not be kept in the same country as them.
Google will retain some staff including sales, marketing and support teams in its Russia office, according to the Wall Street Journal.
""We are deeply committed to our Russian users and customers and we have a dedicated team in Russia working to support them," said the firm in a statement.
