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Web attacks exploit Shellshock bug

Written By Unknown on Sabtu, 27 September 2014 | 23.52

26 September 2014 Last updated at 11:39
Computer leads

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Liam O'Murchu, Symantec: "US government has rated this 10 out of 10 from severity point of view"

A series of attacks on websites and servers using the serious Shellshock bug has been spotted.

Millions of servers use software vulnerable to the bug, which lets attackers run commands on that system.

So far, thousands of servers have been compromised via Shellshock and some have been used to bombard web firms with data, said experts.

The number of attacks and compromises was likely to grow as the code used to exploit the bug was shared.

The Shellshock bug was discovered in a tool known as Bash that is widely used by the Unix operating system and many of its variants, including Linux open source software and Apple's OSX.

Apple said it was working on a fix for its operating system and added that most users would not be at risk from Shellshock.

Attackers have been spotted creating networks of compromised machines, known as botnets, that were then put to other uses.

Honeypots

One group used their Shellshock botnet to bombard machines run by Akamai with huge amounts of junk data to try to knock them offline. Another group used its botnet to scan for more machines that are vulnerable.

Evidence of the scanning and attacks came from honeypots run by security companies. These are computers that have been set up to look vulnerable but which catch information about attackers.

Jaime Blasco, a researcher at security firm AlienVault, said its honeypot had seen scans and attacks that used Shellshock. The scans simply informed attackers that a server was vulnerable, he wrote, but others attempted to install malware to put that machine under an attacker's control.

The control that Shellshock gave to attackers made it potentially more of a problem than the serious Heartbleed bug discovered in April this year, said security researcher Kasper Lindegaard from Secunia.

Continue reading the main story

"This is going to unfold over the coming weeks and months"

End Quote Marc Maiffret BeyondTrust

"Heartbleed only enabled hackers to extract information," he told tech news site The Register. "Bash enables hackers to execute commands to take over your servers and systems."

The seriousness of the bug has also led governments to act quickly. The UK government said its cybersecurity response team had issued an alert to its agencies and departments giving Shellshock the "highest possible threat ratings".

It had this rating, said the alert, because vulnerable systems would "inevitably" include machines that formed part of the UK's critical national infrastructure.

The US and Canada are believed to have issued similar alerts and told technology staff to patch systems as quickly as possible. Amazon, Google, Akamai and many other tech firms have also issued advisories to customers about the bug.

As well as software patches for vulnerable systems, security firms and researchers are also producing signatures and filter lists to help spot attacks based around it.

Early reports suggest up to 500 million machines could be vulnerable to Shellshock but, wrote Jen Ellis from security firm Rapid7, this figure was now being revised downwards because of the "number of factors that need to be in play for a target to be susceptible".

"This bug is going to affect an unknowable number of products and systems, but the conditions to exploit it are fairly uncommon for remote exploitation," said Ms Ellis.

Marc Maiffret, chief technology officer at security firm BeyondTrust, expressed a similar view.

"There is a lot of speculation out there as to what is vulnerable, but we just don't have the answers," he said. "This is going to unfold over the coming weeks and months."


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FBI 'concerned' by phone encryption

26 September 2014 Last updated at 12:39

Plans by Apple and Google to do more to protect customers' privacy have made the FBI "very concerned".

Speaking to reporters, FBI boss James Comey said the plans to enable encryption by default could thwart law enforcement investigations.

Lives could depend on police forces continuing to get access to the data on devices used by criminals and terrorists, he said.

The FBI was talking to both Apple and Google about its fears, said Mr Comey.

Protect privacy

The conversations with tech firms needed to be had before the day when police forces lost access to those devices, he said.

"I'd hate to have people look at me and say, 'Well how come you can't save this kid?' 'How come you can't do this thing?'" said Mr Comey in a briefing.

His comments came in reaction to a decision by Apple to enable a file encryption system on its iOS 8 software for which it has no keys. This means it would not be able to comply with any official request to help police get at the data on those devices.

Google has said it too is planning to enable a similar encryption system by default on the next version of Android.

Mr Comey said he was "very concerned" about these plans because of what they would allow people to do.

"What concerns me about this is companies marketing something expressly to allow people to place themselves beyond the law," he said.

"I am a huge believer in the rule of law, but I am also a believer that no-one in this country is beyond the law," he added.

Apple and Google have yet to respond to Mr Comey's comments.

Ten days prior to Mr Comey's press statement, iOS data forensics expert Jonathan Zdziarski pointed out that Apple's encryption system would not stop police getting at data on portable devices.

Specifically weakening security systems just to aid the police was a bad decision, he said.

"For the sake of privacy and overall security, the only logical solution is to make products as secure as possible, and let good detective work do the crime solving, rather than an easy button," he wrote in a blogpost.


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Yahoo prodigy opts for university

24 September 2014 Last updated at 14:08 By Leo Kelion Technology desk editor

The British teenager who sold his app for millions of pounds to Yahoo has decided to go to university in the UK rather than work full-time for the tech firm in California.

Nick D'Aloisio said he would, however, still continue to work on its news app.

The 18-year-old had previously managed to combine development of the service with his A-level studies.

Yahoo News Digest has been downloaded more than two million times, according to analytics firm Xyo.

"I am thrilled to be attending Oxford University in England where I will study computer science and philosophy," Mr D'Aloisio said.

"I'm excited to simultaneously complete my college degree while continuing part-time to manage Yahoo News Digest - especially at such an exciting time for summarisation, artificial intelligence and wearables."

Mr D'Aloisio told the BBC earlier this month that the team he managed at Yahoo was developing a version of the news summary app for both Apple Watch and smartwatches running Google's Android Wear.

The Londoner was only 16 years old when he secured a $250,000 (£154,000) investment in his text summary software from Hong Kong billionaire Li Ka-Shing.

A few months later Yahoo acquired the technology and his services, in a deal reported to be worth £20m.

Since taking up the role of project manager for the news app, the teenager has spoken at several high-profile public events including Yahoo's keynote address at the Consumer Electronics Show in January and O2's Campus Party in September.

A spokeswoman for Yahoo said he should now be able to get involved in the BBC's computer coding initiative - a series of television shows and other events designed to encourage people to learn to program - next year, "time permitting".


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Blackberry rethinks the keyboard

24 September 2014 Last updated at 15:00 By Leo Kelion Technology desk editor
Blackberry

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WATCH: Rory Cellan-Jones tries out the Blackberry Passport

Blackberry has launched a distinctive handset featuring a square screen and a keyboard that offers both physical keys and touch-enabled gesture controls.

It said work-focused users in particular should benefit from the Blackberry Passport's innovations.

Sales of the company's handsets - which are powered by its own operating system - have been in decline.

Analysts said the new device should appeal to existing Blackberry owners but might struggle to win over others.

The Canadian company's chief operating officer said the handset's release was part of a broader turnaround strategy led by John Chen, who became chief executive in November.

"You're going to see us be very focused," Marty Beard told the BBC.

"Potentially, in the past we got a little too broad a little too aggressively.

"Our target segment is more enterprise-focused. It's the power professional. It's someone who wants to be productive.

"Those users tend to be in regulated industries like banking or healthcare or government. We know those segments really well - in a way it's getting back to the Blackberry roots."

Push and swipe

The Passport got its name because its dimensions resemble a thick version of the travel document.

It has a 4.5in (11.4cm) touchscreen with a resolution of 453 pixels per inch - higher than Apple's iPhone 6 Plus, but lower than Samsung's Galaxy Note 4.

Blackberry suggests documents are easier to edit because of the extra width provided by having a square screen, even if it is less suited for watching video.

The keyboard buttons are also touch-sensitive. This allows gesture-based shortcuts that were previously restricted to Blackberry's all-screen devices.

For example, swiping a finger quickly leftwards along the keys deletes the previous word, while sliding a thumb along them more slowly moves the cursor in the same direction.

In addition, users can select from three anticipated words - shown near the bottom of the screen - by flicking upwards beneath the desired one. This saves having to type the text in full.

"In some cases it takes a while to learn it, because even if you're familiar with a Blackberry it's a little bit different because it's that combination of physical plus virtual," acknowledged Mr Beard.

"So there may be that learning curve in the beginning, but it's well worth it, and once people learn it they are flying."

One expert who has tested the handset supported the claim.

"It certainly made me respond more eloquently to emails rather than just triaging them with a 'Yes, no, I'll call you back or see you later'," said Shaun Collins, founder of the telecoms consultancy CCS Insight.

"However, it's going to divide opinion - it gives you the Blackberry experience on steroids. But for a broader audience it will be a curiosity."

The phone is being sold at an "introductory rate" of $599/£529/649 euros.

Sales slump

Blackberry's own figures indicate it sold about 1.6 million smartphones over the three months to June.

That compares poorly with the 6.8 million handsets it sold in the same quarter in 2013, and 13.2 million over the corresponding period in 2011.

Its fortunes contrast with the wider smartphone market, which has expanded.

Having pioneered the sector, the company now accounts for only 1% of sales in the UK, according to research firm Kantar Worldpanel.

Even so, one company watcher said Blackberry still had appeal to certain organisations, even if they had not purchased its other recent releases in large numbers.

"The key markets it holds are financial services and security-oriented industries," said Martin Bradley from Strategy Analytics.

"Blackberry continues to offer the most secure end-to-end communications architecture in the mobile market, and its devices provide business users with that reassurance."

Voice commands

Other features introduced by the handset and its new operating system - Blackberry 10 OS 10.3 - include:

  • Access to the Amazon Appstore - the phone can run the 240,000 Android apps it contains. But the store lacks some popular products, including photo-sharing network Instagram, and newly released games, such as Fifa 15, both found on Google Play
  • Blackberry Blend - this allows certain tasks on the phone to be controlled by a wi-fi-connected PC or tablet that does not store the data involved, letting users take advantage of bigger screens when available
  • Blackberry Assistant - a facility that recognises voice commands and speaks back in English, French, German, Spanish and Italian
  • A 3,450 mAh battery - this is bigger than most of its rivals, and allows the Passport to promise up to 25 hours of mixed use

The company has also added a new, tougher level of encryption to messages sent via its BBM messaging app to protect them from eavesdropping and manipulation.

"We've already got a lead - we're not going to sit on our laurels," said Mr Beard.

He added that Blackberry also intended to add encryption to voice calls made between its devices in the future but it was "still to be decided" if this function would come to the Passport.


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BT claims big broadband speed boost

25 September 2014 Last updated at 12:52

BT is claiming to have made a "big breakthrough" with fibre broadband, which could see homes and businesses see speeds rise to 1Gbps (gigabit per second).

A trial of so-called G-Fast technology has managed download speeds of 800Mbps (megabits) and upload speeds of 200Mbps.

The trial is significant because it utilises existing technology.

BT has been criticised for its continued use of copper lines.

So-called Fibre to the Cabinet (FTTC), which uses a combination of fibre and copper lines, is BT's preferred technology for broadband rollout.

It is significantly slower than Fibre to the Premises technology (FTTP) but is much cheaper to deploy.

FTTC also gets slower over distance because it relies on copper for the last part of the connection.

It means homes that are further away from BT's green street cabinets will have slower speeds.

BT claims that the new technology can achieve good speeds over longer lines of 66m (216ft), which it said encompasses 80% of connections.

G-Fast technology has been tested at BT's research laboratory at Adastral Park in Ipswich. It is due to open a new ultrafast broadband lab where it will continue to test its potential.

BT said commercial equipment could be available from manufacturers by December 2015, but the company has made no decisions about rolling the technology out yet.

The new technology could also be useful to businesses which currently rely on dedicated lines that run on ethernet.

"We see G-Fast as a very promising technology with significant potential," said Dr Tim Whitley, managing director of research at BT.

"BT has a long history of pushing the boundaries in telecommunications, from the earliest days of the electric telegraph to today's global fibre networks, and it's crucial that we stay ahead of the curve for the benefit of our customers and shareholders."

Rival Virgin Media is also experimenting with new ways to boost speed - including a trial in a Cambridgeshire village, using narrow-trenching.

The method means engineers can lay the cable faster and the trial to 100 houses in the area achieved 1Gb speeds.

Need for speed

Ovum analyst Matthew Howett thinks the technology could be beneficial to both consumers and businesses.

"Given the huge costs involved in a full fibre solution, and the challenging economic environment, it's important to make the most of, and extend the life of technologies already deployed - in the most cost effective way," he said.

"This should result in quicker wins for consumers and businesses at a favourable price."

The debate about how much speed consumers and businesses need has grown louder in recent months.

The Federation of Small Businesses (FSB) recently said that the government's target to have superfast speeds of at least 24Mbps in 90% of homes by 2017 lacked ambition and needed a rethink.

It called for a minimum of 100Mbps by 2030.

Labour has also jumped on the speed bandwagon and pledged to increase broadband speeds if it wins the next election.


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Facebook drones the size of planes?

By Anna Doble Newsbeat online editor

Facebook is considering flying giant drones above us as the social network "figures out how to connect the world".

Chinese stealth drone
Not flying overhead just yet... this is a Chinese stealth drone

The idea to develop huge unmanned aircraft comes from Facebook's Connectivity Lab, set up by company founder Mark Zuckerberg.

The aim is to make the internet available to two-thirds of the world's population who can't currently get online.

They say expanding internet access would create another 140 million jobs.

And they say it could help lift 160 million people out of poverty, and reduce child mortality.

The lab's engineering director Yael Maguire revealed the drone plan at the 2014 Social Good Summit in New York.

Yael Maguire from Facebook's Connectivity Lab
Yael Maguire at the 2014 Social Good Summit

He didn't actually use the word "drone" but said that unmanned "planes roughly the size of a commercial aircraft, like a 747" would serve as huge connectivity hubs and could one day stay up in the air for months, even years, at a time.

Maguire explained: "In order for us to fly these planes we actually have to fly above the weather, above all airspace. That's between 60,000 and 90,000 feet. Routinely, planes don't fly there, and certainly not drones."

He said the aircraft will be much lighter, adding that one of the models being worked on by the Connectivity Lab is the length of "about six or seven Priuses, but is the weight of four of the tires of a Prius".

To continuously provide wi-fi coverage the planes will be powered by the sun.

Maguire added that the aircraft could be tested in the US as early as next year, although the strict rules around unmanned aircraft could slow down that process.

How one of Facebook's drones could look.
How one of Facebook's drones could look

Facebook is not the only tech firm exploring the use of drones.

Google is known to be building and testing autonomous aerial vehicles to use for goods deliveries at its secret development centre, Google X, in California.

Google is also looking at balloons to bring internet access to remote parts of the world.

DHL has begun delivering by drone to a remote island in Germany.

And Amazon has created "Octocopters" to deliver parcels to its customers in the US.

Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube


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Apple says bent iPhones are 'rare'

25 September 2014 Last updated at 20:31 By Leo Kelion Technology desk editor
Person holding the iPhone 6

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WATCH: Marc Cieslak puts the iPhone 6 Plus through some stress tests, in an unscientific experiment

Apple has responded to claims that its new handsets are prone to bending by saying such damage would be "rare" during normal use.

Media outlets across the globe had reported that several iPhone 6 owners had complained of handsets becoming misshapen after being carried in trousers pockets without a case.

Several of the US firm's rivals have also helped publicise the claims.

Apple said nine customers had told it their iPhone 6 Plus phones had bent.

In a statement the company noted that the handsets' shells had been constructed out of "anodised aluminium, which is tempered for extra strength" and also featured stainless steel and titanium parts to reinforce the areas of the phones likely to experience the most stress.

"We chose these high-quality materials and construction very carefully for their strength and durability," it added.

"We also perform rigorous tests throughout the entire development cycle.

"iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus meet or exceed all of our high quality standards to endure everyday, real life use.

"With normal use a bend in iPhone is extremely rare and through our first six days of sale, a total of nine customers have contacted Apple with a bent iPhone 6 Plus. As with any Apple product, if you have questions please contact Apple."

The BBC understands that one of the checks that Apple had carried out before launching the models was a "sit test", which is designed to simulate the effects of a user sitting down on a hard surface with the phone in their back pocket thousands of times over the course of several years.

Russell Holly says he "couldn't image... doing any one thing" that would have caused his iPhone 6 Plus to bend

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Russell Holly, who works for tech site geek.com, told the BBC on Wednesday that his iPhone 6 had bent

The company also carried out a torsion test, which involved clamping a phone at both ends and then applying a twisting force 8,000 times.

Stock drop

Apple's share price has fallen following the publicity generated by users posting photos of bent iPhones to the internet.

News that it had also pulled an iOS 8 operating system update after iPhone 6 users complained it made their phones unable to make or receive calls had also caused concern.

However, one analyst highlighted that the company had been much quicker to respond to reports about bending than it had back in 2010, when customers complained about the iPhone 4 dropping calls when gripped on its left-hand side.

"It took too long in the antenna case - I don't know if this is organisational memory or not, but here Apple is going out and saying it did do tests and is stating the facts," said Ken Dulaney, who covers the mobile phone sector for the research firm Gartner.

"But this is probably something Apple has to look into more.

"It probably did all the tests it said it did - I don't ever find that Apple really lies about anything - but I think the people reporting the problem aren't lying either."

Apple's competitors have taken advantage of its troubles.

The official Twitter accounts of LG, HTC and Samsung have all posted messages alluding to the controversy, with LG going so far as to use the hashtag "bendgate", which other members of the public had used to refer to the claims.

Record demand

Apple had previously announced that it had sold more than 10 million units of the iPhone 6 and its larger sibling the iPhone 6 Plus.

"While our team managed the manufacturing ramp better than ever before, we could have sold many more iPhones with greater supply and we are working hard to fill orders as quickly as possible," its chief executive Tim Cook said in a press release on Monday.

It highlighted the "all-new dramatically thin" design of the handsets - a factor some users had speculated might be the cause of them bending.

However, it has also been pointed out that handsets by Sony, Samsung, Blackberry and others have also bent in the past, and several analysts have cautioned that it was too early to say if the incidents involving the new iPhones were more widespread.


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Skills boost for creative industries

26 September 2014 Last updated at 00:37 By Judith Burns Education reporter, BBC News

The creative industries and government have pledged cash to fill a skills gap and train "work ready" games designers, animators and visual effects artists.

The Next Gen Skills Academy will provide "cutting edge training" in a sector worth at least £71bn a year to the UK economy.

Ed Vaizey, Minister for Culture and the Digital Economy, made the announcement at the EGX games show at Earls Court.

Mr Vaizey said the aim was to "continue to grow this industry".

He described the creative sector as "a powerhouse within the UK economy" but said employers often found it hard to recruit staff who were up-to-speed with the latest technologies.

Skills gap

He said the academy would "work on the skills gap in a constantly changing industry".

Some of the UK's leading visual effects, animation and games employers have pledged money and resources worth £3.6m over three years towards the project, with government funding bringing the total to £6.5m.

Industry backers include Framestore, Pinewood Studios, Sony Computer Entertainment Europe, Centroid, Double Negative, Ubisoft Reflections and Moving Picture Company.

Jo Twist, chief executive of the games industry trade body, UK Interactive Entertainment (Ukie) said the industry-led academy would ensure "courses will be kept immediately up-to-date".

From next year, the academy will design and deliver a range of new courses up to degree level in the skills the creative industries need.

Initially the aim is to train some 1,320 people to degree level, including 150 higher level apprentices.

It will also deliver more than 1,000 short courses for people who need to update and extend their skills.

The courses will be delivered online and by a network of further education colleges, headed by Amersham and Wycombe College, a specialist in the field.

Ms Twist called for better careers advice specifically relating to the games industry which employs an estimated 1.7m people throughout the UK.

"We need to make sure that parents, teachers and students know they can have a career in this country in games.

"It's not just a hobby."

Michael Davis, chief executive of the UK Commission for Employment and Skills said: "When employers work in partnership they can accomplish great things.

"This academy is an example of how, by getting together and discussing their skills needs, businesses have managed to create something bigger and better than they could have achieved on their own."

Business Secretary Vince Cable said: "Visual effects and games in particular are a great British success story. But if we're to maintain our cutting-edge position, we need to make sure that we have the talent and skills the industry needs."

Meanwhile, new figures specifically for the games industry suggest it alone may be worth more than double the government's current estimate.

A report from Ukie and the innovation charity Nesta, suggests that there are currently some 1,900 games businesses in the UK with a total economic value that "could be as much as £1.72bn - double previous estimates".

In 2012, the Department of Culture, Media and Sport estimated the value of the industry at £946m.


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US allows use of drones for filming

26 September 2014 Last updated at 04:46
Hexacopter

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A look at the BBC's 'Hexacopter'

The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has granted permission to six television and movie firms, allowing them to use drones to shoot scenes.

The groundbreaking ruling reverses previously tight restrictions on the commercial use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) - also known as drones, within US airspace.

But there are restrictions.

The UAS cannot operate at night, and the aircraft need to be inspected before each flight.

Continue reading the main story

We are thoroughly satisfied these operations will not pose a hazard to other aircraft or to people and property on the ground"

End Quote Michael Huerta FAA

The US Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx said: "Today's announcement is a significant milestone in broadening commercial UAS use while ensuring we maintain our world-class safety record in all forms of flight.

"These companies are blazing a trail that others are already following, offering the promise of new advances in agriculture and utility safety and maintenance."

The six companies had asked the FAA to grant them exemptions from regulations which address general flight rules, pilot certificate requirements, manuals, maintenance and equipment mandates.

In their applications the firms said the operators will hold private pilot certificates, keep the UAS within line of sight at all times and restrict flights to the "sterile area" on the set.

"The applicants submitted UAS flight manuals with detailed safety procedures that were a key factor in our approval of their requests," said FAA Administrator Michael Huerta in a statement.

He added, "We are thoroughly satisfied these operations will not pose a hazard to other aircraft or to people and property on the ground."

The FAA is currently working on an approval process for a seventh company, Flying-Cam, which filed for exemptions in June.

Approved by FAA: Using drones for filming
  • Astraeus Aerial
  • Aerial MOB
  • HeliVideo Productions
  • Pictorvision Inc
  • RC Pro Productions Consulting
  • Snaproll Media
Drone mania

Usually confined to military use, drones are increasingly being integrated into the strategies of companies outside the area of defence.

Late last year US online retailer Amazon announced the company was testing unmanned drones to deliver goods to customers.

The drones, called Octocopters, could deliver packages weighing up to 2.3kg to customers within 30 minutes of them placing the order, according to Amazon chief executive Jeff Bezos.

However, he added that it could take up to five years for the service to start.

Meanwhile Google has built and tested autonomous aerial vehicles, which it believes could be used for goods deliveries.

The project is being developed at Google X, the company's clandestine tech research arm, which is also responsible for its self-driving car.

Project Wing has been running for two years. Google said that its long-term goal was to develop drones that could be used for disaster relief by delivering aid to isolated areas.


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Google urged to change privacy rules

26 September 2014 Last updated at 16:30

European data privacy regulators have put renewed pressure on Google to alter its privacy policy.

It follows changes to the policy two years ago which regulators felt breached European rules.

Among other things, it says Google must tell users exactly what data is collected and with whom it is shared.

Google said it was working with regulators to "explain its privacy policy changes".

The dispute has been running since March 2012 when Google consolidated its 60 privacy policies into one and started combining data from YouTube, Gmail and Google Maps.

Users were given no means to opt out of the changes.

Although Google has not been directly accused of acting illegally, it has been accused of providing "incomplete and approximate" details raising "deep concerns about data protection and the respect of the European law".

Google did make some changes to its privacy policy in March this year, linking to individual services from its main privacy document.

"It has made some changes but our investigation won't end until we believe it is fully compliant," said a spokesman for the UK's information commissioner's office (ICO).

In a letter addressed to Google's chief executive Larry Page, the European Union's data protection working party wrote: "Google must meet its obligations with respect to the European and national data protection legal frameworks and has to determine the means to achieve these legal requirements."

A spokesman for Google told the Reuters news agency that it was looking forward to discussing the new guidelines.

"We have worked with different data protection authorities across Europe to explain our privacy policies," he said.

'Shameful'

Regulators in Italy, France, Spain, Germany, Britain and the Netherlands have launched investigations into Google's privacy policies and, in January, France fined Google 150,000 euros (£117,000) for failure to comply with its privacy rules.

"It is disappointing that two years of deliberation has led to the preparation of a document that is the equivalent of selling cucumbers to the gardener," said Anna Fielder, chairwoman of trustees at campaign group Privacy International.

"The guidelines are fundamental basics that Google should have implemented years ago, and the weakness of the language used in framing this will mean Google will do nothing to comply.

"These guidelines are doing nothing more than stating the obvious, and it is shameful that it took the Article 29 Working Party two years to come up with something that Google should already have been complying with," she said.


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